Localizing the Center of Surgical Action in Laparoscopic Videos: A Point-Supervised Heatmap Regression Approach

A. Ebrahimzadeh¹, N. Esmaeili¹, P. Horvath¹, M. Ghadimi¹, J. Hagenah^1,2

1: Center for Digital Surgery, Department of General, Visceral and Pediatric Surgery, University Medical Center Göttingen, Germany; 2: Fraunhofer Research Institution for Individualized and Cell-based Medical Engineering (IMTE), Lübeck, Germany